Chemotaxonomy of medicinal plants pdf

Chemotaxonomybased plant selection is a prerequisite for the successful natural product research. All the living components of the environment produce secondary metabolites that are derived from primary metabolites. This study aims to revise the taxonomy of all the species including those that extend into tropical africa and explore the biogeography, chemotaxonomy and ethnobotany of this important medicinal genus. The african continent holds an enormous resource in terms of floral biodiversity and its medicinal plants have remained a main reservoir of phytochemicals for pharmaceutical drug development1, 2. Chemotaxonomy of the papaveraceae alkaloids springerlink. The classification of plants on the basis of specific class of secondary metabolites. Nature which consists of so many variabilities of living components of the environment possesses useful, harmful and inactive chemical constituents. Chemotaxonomy of plants involves the study of chemical variation in different types of. Rhodiola plants are used as a natural remedy in the western world and as a traditional herbal medicine in china, and are valued for their ability to enhance human resistance to stress or fatigue and to promote longevity. Biological activities, chemotaxonomy, ethnobotany, medicinal plants, natural products background the african continent holds an enormous resource in terms of floral biodiversity and its medicinal plants have remained a main reservoir of phytochemicals for pharmaceutical drug development 1,2. The above argument could be strengthened by the fact that the local populations, especially south of the sahara, have depended on medicinal plants as the main source of remedy for. The concept of chemotaxonomy has been elaborated in the past century4. Chemotaxonomy, essential oils, terpenoids, chemical analysis. The african continent holds an enormous resource in terms of floral biodiversity and its medicinal plants have remained a main reservoir of phytochemicals for pharmaceutical drug development 1, 2.

India is rich with a flora of indigenous medicinal. Conservation of medicinal plants general introduction india is floristically rich and is recognized as one of the twelve mega biodiversity centers of the world, ranking 10th among the plant resources rich nations of the world and 4th among the countries of asia. The occurrence and distribution of the various types of chemical substances present in plants prove to be of taxonomic significance. Classification of medicinal plants basis on habit 1. The approach of taxonomy in which chemical nature of plants are used in developing classification or in solving taxonomical problems is called chemotaxonomy,chemosystematics, chemical taxonomy,chemical plant taxonomy or plant chemo taxonomy are the common names of chemotaxonomy. Conservation of medicinal plants general introduction. Chemotaxonomy definition is the classification of plants and animals based on similarities and differences in biochemical composition. Natural systems of classification should be based on the analysis and harmonization of. The chemotaxonomy of plants of the subfamily wurmbaeoideae was studied in the papers 1,2 and the conclusion was drawn that they were the only plants producing tropolone alkaloids of colchicine type.

Singh 2016 considered the chemotaxonomy was the most important toward plant classification based on specific class of secondary metabolites and their biosynthetic pathways. More than,000 plants have been studied during the last 5 year period. Chemotaxonomy and its importance in plants classification. Classification of medicinal plants medicinal plants of india. Traditional herbal medicine in china, are valued for their. Chemotaxonomy definition of chemotaxonomy by merriam. Introduction the application of chemistry to systematics is chemotaxonomy or chemical taxonomy. Journal of medicinal plants research full length research paper essential oil compounds of three centaurea l. Novel approach to classify plants based on metabolitecontent. Introduction natural products are produced by all organisms but are mostly known from plants, insects, fungi, algae and prokaryotes. With elements of carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen and sugars plants create compounds such as terpenes, alkaloids and. The chemotaxonomic classification of rhodiola plants and. One challenge that the evolution of medicinal plants faces is their classification.

Where to find the herb in open wastelands near watery places. The evidence is used in classification of plants into 2 main purposes. Chemotaxonomy of plants may be defined as a of chemotaxonomy is now. Three broad categories of compounds are used in chemotaxonomy.

The classification based on these chemical constituents is known as chemotaxonomy. Chemo taxonomy of medicinal plant alkaloid carbohydrates. Chemotaxonomy, also called chemosystematics, is the attempt to classify and identify organisms originally plants according to confirmable differences and similarities in their biochemical compositions. Kg medicinal use amla t after 4th year emblica officinalis fam euphorbiaceac fruit rs 15 45kg vitamin c, cough. In addition, inappropriate use wrong plant parts, dose, frequency, route of administration, preparation, etc. Introduction renewed interest in the therapeutic potential of medicinal plants means that researchers are concerned not only with validating ethnopharmacological usage of plant, but also with identifying, isolating and characterizing the. Only the paper 2 has drawn attention to the different distribution of tropolone alkaloids of colchicine and demecolcine types and. India is the 7th largest country in the world and asias 2nd largest nation with an area of 3,287,263 sq km, and is an.

When properly applied, it is undoubtedly more useful than much subjective morphology e. Botany, biochemistry, phytochemistry, ethnopharmacology, fitoterapia, phytomedicine, phytotherapy, ethnomedicine and pharmacognosy, antibacterial. Possibilities and limitations medicinal plants have always played a pivotal role as sources for drug lead. Some other plants from the genus psychotria leaves, roots and rhizomes have. Chemotaxonomy establishes relationship between the position of the plant and exact understanding of biological evaluation and natural relation ship. The term medicinal plant include various types of plants used in herbalism herbology or herbal medicine.

Depending upon chemical evidence, plants are classified accurately as alkaloids, flavonoids, carotenoids, polysaccharides, terpenoids, fatty acids proteins. The uniqueness and therapeutic value of natural products from west african medicinal plants. It is assumed that the relationship between various types of plants can be predicted based on the. Chemotaxonomy is the classification of plants based on the chemical constituents in plants. Biological activities, chemotaxonomy, ethnobotany, medicinal plants, natural products. Due to the morphological similarities among different species, the identification of the genus remains somewhat controversial, which may affect their safety and.

This tea has been used for medicinal, spiritual and cultural purposes since. The power medicinal of plants by mandy smith, environmental educator latta plantation nature center medicinal plants plants produce an amazing amount of complex chemicals we can use as medicines to curb and cure disease. Early humans, driven by their instinct, taste, and experience, treated their illnesses by using plants. Introduction chemotaxonomy is an attempt to classify plants on basis of their chemical constituents. Preininger v 1984 chemotaxonomy of plants of the genus papaver l. Chemotaxonomy article about chemotaxonomy by the free.

Phytochemicals of medicinal plants encompass a diverse chemical space for drug discovery. Plant selection, collection, extraction and analysis of selected species 3. Request pdf chemotaxonomy this chapter summarizes the chemotaxonomic study of medicinal plants and focuses on the chemical classification, as well as its relationship with. Nazim mamedov medicinal plant program, university of massachusetts, amherst ma, 01003, usa. The botanical characteristics of medicinal plants are rather diverse. Research article open access cameroonian medicinal. Chemotaxonomy has been used in all the groups of the plant kingdom starting from the simple organisms, such as fungi and bacteria, up to the most highly advanced and specialized groups of angiosperms and at all levels of the hierarchy of classification in plants, starting from the rank of variety up to the rank of division. Fam family, t tree, h herb, c climber, s shrub plant common name maturity period botanical name or family parts used average price rs. As a result many of the species are now highly threatened in the wild. Chemotaxonomy of plants involves the study of chemical variation in different.

Merriamwebster defines chemotaxonomy as the method of biological classification based on similarities in the structure of certain compounds among the organisms being classified. It is the use of plants for medicinal purposes, and the study of such uses. Healing with medicinal plants is as old as mankind itself newman et al. Chemotaxonomy, chemosystematics, glycosides, alkaloid, plant phenols 1. The similarities or differences of chemical components from different medicinal plants presented herein are solely based on data published so far, by presenting trends towards the full description of the taxonomy of the studied. Introduction and importance of medicinal plants and herbs. Chemo taxonomy of medicinal plant free download as pdf file. The science of chemotaxonomy or chemical taxonomy is used for the classification of plants on the basis of their chemical constituents.

This is basic thing related to classification of plant with refrence to chemical and taxonomical point of view. This paper is not intended to give an accurate description of the chemotaxonomy of cameroonian medicinal plants. Chapter three plant selection, collection, extraction and. All of these organisms coexist in ecosystems and interact with each other in various ways in which chemistry plays a major role1,2. In this article we will discuss about chemotaxonomy.

Advocates argue that, as proteins are more closely controlled by genes and less subjected to natural selection than the anatomical features, they are more reliable indicators of genetic relationships. The uniqueness and therapeutic value of natural products. Medicinal plants have always played a pivotal role as sources for drug lead compounds. Chemotaxonomy of medicinal plants pdf semantic scholar. It is, of course, possible that further research may show them to be of much wider distribution in flowering plants, and they may then become of. Possibilities and limitations medicinal plants have always played a pivotal role as sources for drug lead compounds. So few are known from higher plants that they are not, as yet, of any use in chemotaxonomy, but theyareof use in the taxonomy of lower plants. Medicinal plants have long been the subject of human curiosity and need.